Jamiatul Ulama South Africa (Council of Muslim Theologians), Johannesburg

Jamiatul Ulama South Africa

Online Newsletter

Vol.: 3 No.: 16

16 Rabi 'al Aakhir 1429 / 23 April 2008

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Weekly Comment

Red Alert: Frightening Statistics
As South Africans barely grapple with continued blackouts and criminals prowling our suburbs, a new report reminds us that we continue to be threatened from another front. Not that HIV/AIDs has not been considered a serious problem. However the latest statistics are shocking: According to a recently released report, one in every six persons on earth with HIV/Aids lives in South Africa!

These results are obviously working through the population over time and should be considered as an outcome of many years of indifference and wasted opportunities in embarking on a comprehensive policy that this ‘state of emergency’ warranted in order to contain the disease.

All strategies should be brought to bear to ensure that we stem this tide devastating our nation.

As we have always pointed out in the past, what about getting back to the basics? If at all we are going to bring about an HIV/AIDS-free generation, we have to look at the permissive lifestyles our society is slowly embracing. It’s an issue of modesty and morality. The unmarried, should value their chastity which has to be safeguarded jealously and those in wedlock should remain faithful to the spouses.

While we seek ways of prevention, the society should also learn to accept the unfortunate victims.

After all the debates and theorising, the reality is that we are dying. It is about time we all put our shoulders to the wheel and make a difference.

Land Grab in Gaza
As we approach the 60th anniversary of the Nakbah, (described by Zionists in different terms), plans lie ahead for celebrating the event, by the Israelis. For Muslims it is a moment to understand that the occupation was a catastrophe. It was however a living tragedy that did not limit itself to ‘once-off’ single event that is subject to time. It manifested itself as a phenomenon that continued and continues to this day.

While the Israelis have supposedly sent messages to the Syrian leadership that they are willing to look at withdrawal from the Golan Heights in the interest of peace, their actions in the Gaza and West bank must be pointed out. The occupation and expansion continues unabated, and has progressed into a land-grab frenzy where building projects have been increased in a possible fear that it will not always be available for the taking. New settlements are being built and present settlements are being expanded.

Where’s the international community? Should the Palestinians forget that such a notion exists? Why are voices of conscience drowned by warmongering?

Crosstalk Times
Seemingly the African National Congress (ANC) leaders have taken their debate to the public platforms. The other day it was Zimbabwe, before that ‘orders to shoot criminals’ and so on. Some pronouncements are way at variance with adopted and known policy stances of the ruling party and constitutional policies. The debate, as a way of searching for answers for the improvement of service delivery and addressing the many social maladies we are experiencing is good. However, it seems the leaders are geared more at outdoing each other in the public domain.

The leadership should be more careful as the country is caught in the crosstalk. There is potential that a lot of ideas will be misunderstood and the likelihood of the whole exercise eroding the confidence that remains is high. Leaders should also refrain from denigrating one another at all costs.

C O N T E N T S

Summarised Jumuah Bayaan
Question and Answer
Update
Message from the Ameer

I N F O R M A T I O N

Min. Mahr

R 158.55

Mahr Faatimi

R 7,927.43
Zakaat Nisaab R 3,170.97

Words of Wisdom

Hadith of the Week

Vicious Envy

 

The Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said, “Avoid envy, for envy devours good deeds just as fire devours fuel.
(Abu Dawud).

Quotation for the Week

Virtuous Solitude and
Company

 “Be fond of seclusion. … When not in seclusion then mix with the friends of Allah.”
(Maulana Maseehullah Khan Sahib rahmatullahi `alayhi)

 

Point of Reflection

Charity

 “Charity is a silent prayer."
 (Arabic Proverb)

 

Q and A

Question: I have been trying to fall pregnant for several years now. My doctor has mentioned the option of egg donor to my husband and myself. I have not come across any information regarding this, what is the
stand regarding egg donor in Islam? 
Answer: The usage of donor
eggs for purposes of fertility treatment is not permissible according to the Shariah. Ulama have classified it as a subtle
form of adultery on account of
a strange male and female's sperm and egg coming into contact with one another. This
is also problematic in the
aspect of lineage.

And Allaah Ta’aala Knows Best.

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U P D A T E

Survey on Ar-Rasheed
The editorial team for Ar Rasheed shall be carrying out a survey on the readership of the paper. The findings of the survey will go a long way in improving the paper’s content, presentation and frequency among other things. We call upon readers of the paper to respond to the survey by completing a questionnaire obtainable via email from mediadesk@islamsa.org.za

Summarised Jumu’ah Bayaan:

Islam and Animals
Allâh (azza wa jalla) says: "There is not an animal (that lives) on the earth, nor a being that flies on its wings, but (that it forms part of) communities like you…" …". (42:30)

The Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: "There is reward in [caring for] every living being." (Muslim, 7:44)

Islam has enjoined upon Muslims a correct relationship with animals. They are asked to treat animals with goodness and kindness. In understanding the Islamic perspective on slaughtering of animals, it would be wise to quickly cast a glance at some Islamic principles regarding certain Islamic injunctions with regard to the treatment of animals.

Being Good to Animals
• Scholars have said that being good to animals is one way of Worshipping Allah. All this is in line with the hadith of the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam: "There is reward in [caring for] every living being." (Muslim, 7:44)
• It should not come as a surprise if we know that one of the Prophets of Islam, Suleiman ‘alayhis salaam changed the path of his army to avoid hurting ants (Qur'an, 27:18-19) This position towards the ants is further confirmed in a hadith narrated by Abu Dawud, that Ibn 'Abbas reported that the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam prohibited the killing of four creatures: "The ant, the bee, the hoopoe and the sparrow-hawk."
• The story of Prophet Nuh ‘Alayhis Salaam and the Flood also confirms the utmost care to prevent the extinction of any species. Allah commanded him to carry a pair of every species in the ark: "…We said: "Embark therein, of each kind two, male and female…" Qur'an, 11:40

Animal Abuse
• The shari'ah aims to protect animal abuse. Animals are often abused in the name of having fun or sport. It is clear that "wrestling" bulls, cannot be accepted from an Islamic perspective as a sport. Importantly fishing for the sake of the sport including the practice of ‘catch and release’ fishing falls within this category.
• To further protect animals, Islam has also looked into the load an animal can carry without harm. The Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam prohibited riding on weak animals. (Abu Dawud, No. 2548) Imam Malik reported that 'Umar Ibn Al-Kattab, when he was a Caliph, passed by a donkey with mud blocks on it. He assessed that the load was excessive and unloaded two blocks. 'Umar Ibn 'Abd Al-'Aziz sent a letter to the governor of Egypt asking him to reduce the load of a camel from one thousand to six hundred pounds.
• Not only physical harm to animals is prohibited, but also insulting or cursing. 'Imran Ibn Al-Hasin narrates that the Messenger of Allah Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam was travelling once [with a group of Companions which included] a woman from amongst the Ansar on a camel. [It seems that at one point driving her camel became difficult] she was annoyed, and cursed the camel! The Messenger of Allah heard her and said: "Now that it is cursed, unload it and allow it [to roam free]" (Muslim, No. 2595)
• Furthermore, hitting animals and marking them in the face is prohibited. Ibn 'Abbas reports a hadith in which the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam prohibited this practice. (Abu Dawud, No. 2556)

Hunting
• Whilst hunting is permitted in principle, it becomes prohibited under certain conditions.
• Hunting should really only be done out of need or necessity; where necessity is defined in terms of need for food, where other means are not possible. One should also take into consideration hunting seasons and the kind and number of animals and birds allowed to be hunted. Hunting tools that cause great pain are prohibited. The latter include traps that lock on the leg of the animal causing pain and bleeding until the hunter returns, which could be for days.
• Hunting, where the meat of the animal is going to be eaten, will also be permissible except where it is exclusively for pleasure of for sport and the obtaining of ‘trophies’, etc.
• Moreover, one should not take lightly the issue of killing, without any justification, even if the victim is a very small animal or bird. 'Abdullah Ibn 'Amr reported that the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: "No human being kills a sparrow or (something) larger, without right, except that Allah will ask him about it (hold him responsible!) on the Day of Judgement" It was said: O Prophet of Allah! What is its right? He said: " Its right is that you slaughter it and eat it, not that you decapitate it!" (Al-Nasa'i, 7/ 207)
• Muslims are taught that it is imperative to protect all resources. They should not be wasted in vain. Killing an edible animal without eating it means the loss of a part of the national resources, albeit small, and this fits in with the Islamic view on the protection and preservation of the environment.
• Another area of prohibition covers the hunting of wild animals for reasons other than food e.g. for fur. Mu'awiya Radhi-Allahu anhu reported that the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: "Do not "ride" on silk and tiger fur"(Abu Dawud, No. 4129) One can deduce, by analogy, that the fur of all wild cats can not be used. This might come in handy to help in the protection of the endangered Asian tigers that face the extinction though for a different reason. Many people in South East Asia and the Far East believe in the existence of Aphrodisiac foods that are associated with "strong" animals including parts of tigers…etc.

Unjustified killing
• In addition, Islam prohibits the use of animals as targets for shooting. Ibn 'Umar passed by a group of youth, from the tribe of Quraish, who were shooting their arrows at a bird; whenever any one missed the aim, the owner of the bird took the arrow for himself. When they saw Ibn 'Umar they dispersed. He exclaimed on seeing the bird: “Who did this? May he be cursed!” (Al-Lu'lu' wal-Marjan, No. 1279)
• Any unjustified killing of an animal, direct or indirect is prohibited. There is a great punishment awaiting those who do so. Ibn 'Umar reported that the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: "A woman who tied a cat will go to Hellfire; she neither fed it, nor allowed it to find food on its own." (Al-Bukhari)

Animal Slaughter
• Muslims are not allowed to kill animals except for two reasons; when they pose a danger or for food. The permission for this however comes with the condition that it has to be carried out in accordance with the shari'ah (Islamic law-code). In addition only certain animals are allowed to be killed for food, while only in limited cases can some animals be killed - when they endanger the life of humans.
• With regard to slaughtering for food, this will include the general slaughter of animals for everyday consumption, since the Almighty has created everything with a purpose and among the purposes of various creations is that they serve as part of the divinely ordained food chain. Sacrificing of animals also falls within the ambit of slaughtering for food, since the sacrificed animal is also to be eaten and not left to waste or rot.
• With regard to the procedure of slaughtering for eating or in sacrificing, here too the feelings and condition of the animal must be considered. To slaughter an animal, one has to use a sharp object that will save the animal the pain associated with the use of a blunted object. Shaddad Ibn Aws Radhi-Allahu anhu reported that the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: "…and excel in slaughtering; sharpen your blade [so you may] relief your slaughtered [animal]." (Muslim)
• In fact, Islam demands that the psyche of the animal be taken into consideration. Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam made it imperative to sharpen the blades and to hide it from the sight of other animals. Ibn 'Abbas Radhi-Allahu anhu reported that once a man laid down a sheep whilst still sharpening his blade; the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam saw and asked: "Would like it to die twice? Why didn't you sharpen your blade before laying it down?" (Al-Hakim)

Permissible Killing
• When an animal is proven to be a source of danger or harm, it is permitted to kill it. The Messenger Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: "Five creatures, all harmful, can be killed in the Haram (holy precincts): the crow, the kite, the scorpion, the mouse and the dog that bites [people without being provoked]".
• If it were not for the harm, actual or anticipated, there would be no permission to kill animals, rodents, insects and birds. Animals have set living patterns in the same manner as mankind, and reference to this is contained in the Qur'an: "There is not an animal (that lives) on the earth, nor a being that flies on its wings, but (that it forms part of) communities like you…" (Qur'an, 24:41)

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Message from the Ameer of the Jamiatul Ulama

Good Character

It is of great importance to be mindful that akhlaaq (good character) forms an important component of our Islam and our imaan.

Allah (azza wa jalla) speaks about the importance of good character in the Qur’an where he says,
• “Command my servants to say that which is best”.
• “Worship Allah, and do not associate partners with him. And be good to your parents, and the relatives, and to the orphans, and to the poor people, and the neighbor that is close to you and the neighbor that is not close to you, and your companion on the journey”.
• Allah Azza wa jalla speaks about the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam as, “Most certainly you have great character”.

Many ahaadeeth can be quoted concerning good character. The following are some of what the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said:
• “I have been sent is to perfect good manners."
• “There is not anything that will be placed on the scale weightier than good Akhlaaq, and, certainly, the one who has good Aklaaq reaches by it the rank of one who continuously observe Saum (Fasts) and performs abundant (Nafl) Salaah.”
• “The dearest of you to me is he who is the best of you in Akhlaaq.”
• "Fear Allah wherever you are, follow up an evil deed with a good deed, and meet with the people, interact with the people, with good akhlaaq."

Sadly we often hear Muslims saying that, “We Muslims have the worst character”.

With the beautiful example of our dear Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam in front of us, we should be showing and teaching people what good character is.

If we live and act with good character we will benefit in numerous ways and our lives will also serve to be an invitation to the deen of Islam.

May Allah make it possible for us to practice upon the beautiful teachings in the Qur’an the perfect example of our Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. Aameen.

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